Thursday, 11 December 2014

MEDICAL ENTRACE ZONE MEDICAL ENTRANCE KEY POINTS IN BIOLOGY

MEDICAL ENTRACE ZONE

MEDICAL ENTRANCE KEY POINTS IN BIOLOGY



BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

Anatomy — It is a branch of biology which deals with the study of internal structure of an organism as revealed by dissection. branchesof-biology
Arthrology — Study of joints.
Agriology — Study of customs of primitive man.
Aphidology — Study of aphids (plant lice).
Aerobiology — Study of flying organisms in relation with other flying objects.
Agronomy — The management of farms and the science of crop production is called agronomy.
Anthropology — The science of man and mankind including his physical and mental constitution, cultural development and social conditions of present and past is called anthropology.
Anthology — is a branch of biology study of flowers.
anthology-flowers
Agrostology — It is the study of grasses. 
Acarology—Study of order acarina comprising ticks and mites. 
Acrology — Study of ticks and mites is called acrology.
Aerobiology—Study of air borne organisms and structures such as spores etc. and their distribution.
also view fathers of biology of various branches
Agriology—Itis the comparative study of tribal customs.
Agrobiology—It is the quantitative science of plant life and plant nutrition.
Agrology—It is the soil sciecne dealing with production of crops.
Andrology—It is the study of male reproductive organs.
Araneology—It is the study of spiders.
Arboriculture—Cultivation of trees and shrubs is called arboriculture.
Agriculture It deals with the cultivation of crops and the improved methods of farming.
Actinobiology — Study of radiation effect on living organisms.
Angiology —is a biology branch Study of blood vessels.
Bionformatics — It is branch of science concerned with development and application of computing system and technology in order to make novel observation about biological processes.
Biotechnology — It is the controlled use of biological agents such as micro-organisms or cellular components for beneficial use.
Breeding biology Breeding is art and science of changing and improving the heredity of plant and animals.
Biochemistry — Study of chemical aspect of living organims is termed biochemistry.
Bacteriology — Study of bacteria.
Batrachology—It is the study of frog.
Biocimatology—The study of climatic effects on biological processes and organisms.
Biometrology—Study of effects of atmospheric changes on living organisms.
Bionics—It is study of problem solving by humans, animals and its technical application.
Bacteriology — It is the study of bacteria.
Bryology — It is the study of bryophytes. Computational biology. Systematic development, application and validation of computational hardware solution for building simulation models of bilogical systems.
Cytology — It deals with the study of structure and functions of cell.
Cell Biology — The study of structure, functions, reproduction, energy dynamics, transport mechanism and life history of cell is called cell biology.
Cryobiology — It is the study of effect of low temperature on living organisms.
Chirology — It deals with communication system with deaf and mute by sign languages.
Chromatology — Study of pigments.
Ctetology — Study of acquired characters of organisms. Chorology—Biogeography.
Chromatology—It is the science of colours.
Chronobiology—Study of biology of cyclic physiological phenomena.
Cosmology—Sciecne of structure and evolution of universe.
Cnidology — Study of coelenterates or Cnidarians Characteristics
Conchology — Study of shells.
Chondrology — Study of cartilage.
Craniology — Study of skull.
Cardiology. Study of heart.
Dysteleology — It is the study of appearance of vestigial organs due to evolution.
Dendrology — It is the study of shrubs and trees.
Developmental biology — It deals with the study of processes by which organisms undergo progressive and orderly changes in structure as well as physiology during their entire life cycle.
Dermatology — Study of skin.
Developmental morphology — It deals with the developmental aspects of plants.
Desmology—Study of structures and anatomy of ligaments.
Evolution — It is the branch of biology which deals with the study of descent of present day complex living organims (plants and animals) from the living forms of the past.
Embryology — It deals with the study of the stages of an organism that occur immediately after fertilization.
Ecology — It is the study of inter—relationship between living organisms and their environment.
Ethology — Study of animal behaviour and conditions of animals
Eugenics — It is the science dealing with the improvement of human race through application of the laws of heredity
Entomology — Study of insects.
Exobiology — The study of kind of life that may exist in outer space is called exobiology
Etiology — It is the study of causes of diseases.
Ecobiology—Study of adapations in relation to habitat. Ecophysiology—Physiological adaptations in response to eiwironment.
Epigenetics—It is the study of mechanisms by which genes and, their products bring about phenotypic expression.
Ethnobotany—It is the relationship between primitive humans and plants.
Ethnology—It is science dealing with different races of man kind.
Economic botany — It deals with the study of various uses of plants and their products.
Environmental management — It is the assessment of environment, finding out the ways and means for remedy of environmental problems and for conservation of biodiversity so as to maintain the balance in nature. Forensicscience — Application of science for identification of various facts about blood groups, hair, poisons, narcotics, finger prints, DNA finger printing for solving civilian and criminal cases.
Food technology — Study of processing and preservation of food is called food technology.
Forestry or silviculture — It deals with the development of forests and the utilization of their products.
Gynaecology — Study of female reproductive organs.
Gerontology — It is a branch of developmental biology which deals with the study of ageing.
Genetics — It is the study of genes  heredity and variations.
Genecology — Study of genetical make up of species or population in relation to habitat.
Genetic engineering — The methods of artificial synthesis dna
Horticulture — It deals with the study of plants cultivated in gardens and orchards.
Hypnology—Science dealing with sleep including the one from hypnosis.
Helminthology— Study of parasitic worms.
Herpetology — Study of reptiles.
Hepatology — Study of liver.
Haematology — Study of blood.
Histology — The study of the structure and chemical composition of animal and plant tissue as related to the function.
heredity — It is the study of inheritance of characters from parents to offspring.
Ichthyology — Study of fishes or study of fishes and amphibians.Ichthyology-bigfish
internal morphology — It deals with the internal structure of plant parts and also called anatomy.
Ichnology—It is a branch of paleontology which deals with fossil foot prints.
Kalology — Study of human beauty.
Lepidepteriology — Study of butterflies and moths.
Limnology — Study of fresh water ecology.
Leprology—It is the study of leprosy its cause and cure.
Limnobiology—It is the study of fresh water.
Limnology—Study of fresh water ecology/study of snails.
Lichenology — It is the study of lichens.
Molecular biology — Study of living organisms at the molecular level.
Morphology — It deals with the study of form and structure of animals.
Mammology — Study of mammals
Microbiology — Study of microscopic organisms.
Malariology — Study of malaria.
Myremecology — Study of ants is termed myremecology.
Malacology — Study of molluscs.
Myology (Sarcology) — Study of muscles.
Mastology — Study of breast including teats is called mastology.
Mycology — It is the study of fungi.
Neinatology — Study of nematodes (round worms).
Nephrology — Study of kidney.
Neonatalogy — It is science of study of new borns up to
twenty eight days in humans.
Neurology — Study of nervous system.
Nidology - Study of nests of birds.
Ornithology — Study of birds.
Ophthalmology — Study of eyes.
Osteology — Study of bones
Organocology — Study of development of organs under embryology.
Olericulture—It is the branch of agriculture dealing with vegetables
Palaeozoology — It is the study of animal fossils.
Phenology — Study of organisms as affected by seasonal climates e.g. bird migration, opening of flowers etc.
Physiology — Study of functions of various parts of body
is called physiology.
Parasitology — Study of parasites.
Protozoology — Study of unicellular organisms. i.e.Protozoa Characters 
Parazoology — Study of sponges.
Pathology — Nature, symptoms, causes, effects, prevention and suggestive cure of disease is called pathology.
Plant physiology — It is the study of various functional aspects or life processes of the plants.
Plant taxonomy — It is the study of identification, nomenclature and classification of plants.
Palaeobotany — It is the study of fossils of prehistoric plants.
Plant ecology — The study of relationship of plants with the environment is termed plant ecology.
Plant geography — The study of distribution of plants over the surface of earth.
Phycology — It is the study of algae.
Plant pathology — It is the study of plant diseases, their causes, symptoms and methods of control.
Pteridology — It is the study of pteridophytes.
Palynology — It is the study of pollen grains and sperms.

BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY VIDEO

life science-branches

Pomology — It is the study of fruits.
Protology — It is the study of hind gut including rectum and anus.
Physiotherapy — Treatment of defects by physical remedies is called physiotherapy.
Protistology — It is the study of protists.
Phenology — Study of periodicity phenomenon of organisms e.g. Bird Migration.
Pharmacology — It is the study of medicine or drug plants.
Plant breeding — It is the study of genetics in relation to selective crossing and reproduction between different plants.
Plant agronomy — It is the science of soil management and production of crops.
Pharmacognsy — It is the scientific study of structural, physical, chemical and sensory characters of plants, cultivation, collection and other particulars relating to their uses.
Pharmacology — Study of synthesis and effect of medicines on organisms.
Phrenology — Study of mental faculties of brain including feelings.
Plant Morphology — Study of form and structure of plant organ is called morphology.
Rhinology — Study of nose and olfactory organs.
Serology — Study of serum ; interaction of antigens and antibodies in the blood.
Splanchnology — Study of visceral cavity and its organs.
Soil Science — The study of soil involving its structure, type and dynamics is called soil science.
Sedimentology — Study of rocks and fossils.
Space biology — It is the study of problem of survival living organisms in outer space.
Serpentology (Ophiology) — Study of snakes.
Saurology — Study of lizards.
Sitology — Science of food, diet and nutrition.
Stomatology — It is the study of foregut.
Speciology — Study of species.
Sarcology—It is branch of anatomy which deals with fleshy
parts of body.
Spelaeology—Study of caves and cave life.
Teratology — lt is a branch of developmental biology which deals with the study of developmental abnormalities during embryonic stages.
Taxonomy — It deals with the principles of identification, nomenclature and classification of the animals.
Torentology — It is the study of diseases of embryo.
Taphonomy — It deals with the study of conditions conducive to fossilization of organisms in the plant.
Tricology — Study of hairs is called trichology.
Trophology — Study of nutrition is called tropology.
Toxicology — Study of narcotic effect on animals.
Therapeutics — Study of healing.
Tectology—It is the study of structural organization animals.
Traumatology — Study of injuries and wounds.

BIOLOGY-BRANCHES-POWER POINT PRESENTATION(PPT)

Urology — Study of excretory system.
Virology — It is the study of viruses.
Xenology—It is the study of hosts in relation to life history of parasites.
Zoogeography — It is the study of distribution of animals
in different geographic regions.
Zoopathology — Study of diseases of animals.
Zoophytology — Study of drifting organisms such as diatoms.
Zymology — Study of fermentation is called zymology.
Zootechny — Science of breeding and domesticating animals.
Zoonosology — it is the study of handicapped animals.
Zoology-Study of Animals.

  • Father of Biology
    Aristotle
    Aristotle-fatherofbiology
  • Father of Botany
    Theophrastus
    Theophrastus-father-of-botany
  • Father of Zoology
    Aristotle

  • Father of Plant Physiology
    Stephan Hales
    StephanHales-plantphysiology
  • Father of Taxonomy
    Carl Linnaeus
    Carl Linnaeus-Father of Taxonomy
  • Father of Genetics
    G.J. Mendel
    mendel-fatherof-genetics
  • Father of Experimental Genetics
    Morgan
    Morgan-Father of Experimental Genetics
  • Father of Bryology
    Johannn HedwigJohann_Hedwig-Bryology
  • Father of Modern cytology
    Carl P. Swanson
  • Father of Microscopy
    Marcello MalpighiMarcello Malpighi -Father of Microscopy
  • Father of Plant Anatomy
    N. Grew
  • Father of Flistology
    Francis Bichet
  • Father of Mycology
    MicheliMicheli-Father of Mycology
  • Father of Palynology
    Erdtman
  • Father of Eugenics
    Francis Galtonfrancis_galton-Eugenics
  • Father of Biochemical Genetics
    ArchibaldBiochemical Genetics -Archibald
  • Father of DNA finger printing
    Garrodgarrod
  • Father of ethology
    Alec : Jaffery Lorentz
  • Father of Endocrinology
    Addison
  • Father of ATP cycle
    LipmannLipmann-atp
  • Father of stress physiology
    Hans Selyehans-selye-stress-physiology
  • Father of gerontology
    : Korenchevsk
  • Father of Indian ecology
    : R. Mishra
  • Father of Modern Anatomy
    : Andreas Vesalium
  • Father of Experimental Physiology
    : Galen
  • Father of Study of circulation of Blood
    : William Harvey.
  • Father of Evolutionary ideas
    : Empedocles
  • Father of Eugenics
    : F. Galtonfrancis_galton-Eugenics
  • Father of Modern Embryology
    : K.V.Baer
  • Father of Ayurveda
    : Charaka
  • Father of Medicine
    : Hippocrates
  • Father of Indian Mycology
    : E.J. Butler
  • Father of Bacteriology
    Robert Koch
  • Father of Microbiology:
    Louis Pasteur
  • Father of Special Creation Theory
    : Father Suarez
  • Father of Modern Genetics
    : Bateson
  • Father of genetic engineering   Paul Berg
  • Father of biochemistry
    Leibig
  • Father of ECG
    Einthoven
  • Father of conditioned reflex
    PavlovPavlov
  • Father of Polygenic inheritance
    Koireuter
  • Father of epidemiology
    John snow
  • Father of plant pathology
    Debary
  • Father of Antiseptic surgery
    Joseph Lister
        Father of Antibiotics
        Alexander Fleming
Alexander-Fleming


DISCOVERIES IN BIOLOGY AND  GREAT BIOLOGICAL INVENTIONS

  • Amino acid sequence of protein (insulin)
    Sanger
  • Anaerobic release of energy
    L-Pasteur (1878)
louiesPasteur-discovered-anaerobicrespi
  • Bacteria
    Leeuwenhoek
Leeuwenhoek
  • Pure culture of Bacteria
    Lister J.
Lister
  • Bacteriophage
    Towrt and De Herelle (1915)
Towrt and De Herelle
  • Blood Capillaries
    Marcello Malpighi
  • Blood Groups
    Karl Landsteiner
Karl Landsteiner William-Harvey-Blood-Circulation Bioluminescence
  • Biocatalysts
    Buchner
Cyanophage
Saffermann and Morris
First description of cell (RBC)
Jan Swammerdam (1658)
Cell and Organelles
  • Cell
    Robert Hooke (1665)
Robert_Hooke-cell
  • Living cell
    A.V. Leeuwenhoek
  • Cell Theory
    Schleiden and Schwann
Schleiden-Schwann
  • Centrosome
    Van Benden
  • Centriole
    Van Benden
  • Chromosomes
    Hofmeister
  • Golgi bodies
    Cammileo Golgi
  • Plastids
    Haeckel (1866)
  • Chioroplast
    Schimper
  • Mitochondria
    Kolliker (1880)
  • Microtubules
    Robertis and Francis
  • Microfilaments
    Paleviz et. al (1975)
  • Nucleus
    Robert Brown
  • Nucleolus
    Fontana
  • Nucleoplasm
    Strasburger
  • Ribosomes (Animal cell)
    Palade
Palade-ribosomes
  • Sphaerosome
    Pernes (1953)
  • Astral rays and spindle
    Beevers
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
    Porter
  • Central Dogma
    F.H.C. Crick (1918)
  • Coenzyme A
    C. Lipmann
  • Chlorophyll structure
    Willstartter and Fisher
  • Cyclosis
    Amid
  • Cytochrome
    C.A. Macmunn (1886)
  • Citric Acid cycle
    Hans A. Krebs
hans-krebs-cyles
  • Double Helical Structure of DNA
    Watson and Crick
Watson-Crick
  • Biological Synthesis of DNA with template
    A. Kornberg.
arthur-kornberg-gene
  • biological synthesis of DNA without template
    H.G.Khorona
khorana-gene-synthasis
  • Enzyme
    Buchner
  • Embryo culture
    Laiback
  • Extra embryonic membranes
    Von Baer
  • Fertilization in plants
    E. Strasburger
  • Double fertilization
    Nawaschin
Nawaschin
  • G0 phase
    Lajtha
  • Gaseous exchange in blood
    Ludwig (1872)
  • Genetic defects in human
    Sir Archibald Garrod
  • Giant Salivary gland chromosomes
    Balbiani (1881)
  • Hormones
    Beylis and Starling
  • Heterothallism
    Blackslee
  • Interferon
    Issacs and Linderman
  • Insulin use for treatment of diabetics
    Banting
  • Mendelism
    G. Mendel
  • Rediscoverer of Mendelism
    Correns, Hugo de Vries and Tschmark
  • Microtome
    W. His
  • Micro-organisms
    Leeuwenhoek
  • Mitosis
    W. Flemming
  • Meiosis
    Farmer and Moore
  • Mutations
    Hugo de Vries
Hugo de Vries
  • Nucleic acid
    Meishcher called it ‘Nuclein’
  • Ovum (Mammalian)
    Karl E. Von Baer
  • Omnis cellula e cellula
    R. Virchow
  • Pinocytosis
    Edward and Lewis
  • Phagocytosis
    Metchnikoff
  • Penicillin
    Alexander Flemming
  • Plasmodesmata
    Strasburger
  • Photorespiration
    Garner and Allard
  • Quantosome
    Park and Bigginis (1960)
  • Quiescent centre
    Clowes
  • Protoplasm Physical basis of life
    Huxley
  • Streptomycin
    Salmon Waksman
  • Techniques
  • Chromatograph
    M.Tswett
  • Tissue culture
    A. Carrel
  • Isotopic tracing
    G. Havesy
  • Measuring gaseous exchange manometry
    0. Warburg
  • Locating DNA in cell
    A. Feulgen
  • Ultracentrifugation
    T. Svedberg
  • Avena curvature test
    Went
  • Teminism (Reverse Transcription)
    Temin
  • Synthesis of urea
    Wohler
  • Virus
    D. Iwanovsky
  • Obtained crystals of virus
    Stanley

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